In the previous section we took a look at the vibrating string fixed at both ends and found that in order for the boundary condition to be satisfied, the following are the only solutions possible:
The solutions on the left of the image are often termed as ‘Odd Harmonics’ because they have odd number of anti-nodes and the ones of the right have even number of anti-nodes hence ‘Even Harmonics’
If you pluck a string right at the center, you are essentially exciting only the odd harmonic components.
You can test this out by taking a string instrument and plucking it at the center. Download a spectrum app on your phone and take a look at the spectrum
You will see peaks in the spectrum only at the frequencies which correspond to the odd harmonics:
String instruments like the violin or guitar are plucked off-centered, so you get both the odd and even harmonics. But what differentiates one instrument from the other is the amplitude at which these harmonics are expressed when you play them.
Do watch the following video if you would like to know more: